In the industrial field, hydraulic systems serve as the "powerful hearts" of numerous mechanical devices, thanks to their efficient and stable power transmission capabilities. Whether it's the robust arm movements of heavy-duty excavators or the precise operations of precision machine tools, reliable hydraulic systems are essential. To gain a deep understanding of hydraulic systems, it's crucial to first clarify their components, which will be explained in detail below.
Power components are the "power sources" of hydraulic systems. The most common power component is the hydraulic pump. It converts mechanical energy, specifically the rotational motion of an electric motor, into the pressure energy of hydraulic oil, supplying power to the entire system. For example, vane pumps operate with low noise and uniform flow, making them suitable for applications that require high work stability. Piston pumps, on the other hand, play a key role in high-pressure and high-flow systems due to their high pressure and volumetric efficiency.
Actuating components are devices that convert the pressure energy input by the hydraulic pump into mechanical energy. They mainly include hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors. Hydraulic cylinders enable linear reciprocating motion. In the telescopic arms of truck cranes and the lifting mechanisms of dump trucks, hydraulic cylinders use the pressure of hydraulic oil to push the piston, completing various linear actions. Hydraulic motors, meanwhile, are used to achieve rotational motion. The rotation of the slewing platforms of construction machinery and the steering of ship rudders all rely on hydraulic motors to convert hydraulic energy into rotational mechanical energy.
Control components are the "commanders" of hydraulic systems. They are used to control and regulate the pressure, flow rate, and direction of the hydraulic oil in the system to meet the operating requirements of the actuating components. As a pressure control component, the relief valve automatically opens when the system pressure exceeds the set value, returning excess oil to the tank and ensuring system safety. The throttle valve controls the flow rate of the oil by adjusting the orifice size, thereby regulating the movement speed of the actuating components. The directional control valve can change the flow direction of the oil, enabling the start, stop, and reversal of the actuating components.
Auxiliary components are equally indispensable. The oil tank stores hydraulic oil and also dissipates heat and precipitates impurities. Oil filters remove contaminants from the oil, preventing pollutants from entering the system and extending the service life of components. Oil pipes and fittings connect the various components of the system, ensuring the smooth transmission of oil. Seals prevent oil leakage, maintaining the pressure stability of the system.
The working medium is the carrier for transmitting energy in a hydraulic system, usually hydraulic oil. Hydraulic oil must not only have good lubricity and oxidation resistance but also an appropriate viscosity to ensure the normal operation of the hydraulic system.
Understanding the components of hydraulic systems is of great significance for equipment maintenance, troubleshooting, and proper selection. Whether you're an industrial producer or a technology enthusiast, mastering this knowledge can help you better utilize the performance advantages of hydraulic systems.
Handanshi Kangmai Hydraulic Equipment Co., Ltd. is located in the east of Wangzhuang,on the Hanlin expressway. Our main products have 9 series and 50 types which contains hose crimping machine, hose cutting machine,hose skiving machine...
